中醫中藥
臨床護理路徑在普外科輪轉護生帶教中的應用
干雯 張詠芬 梅鋒
【摘要】 【摘要】目的 探析臨床護理路徑在普外科輪轉護生帶教中的應用效果。方法 選取2018年4月至2019年3月在我院普外科臨床實習的24名輪轉護生作為主要研究對象，采用數字隨機表法分組，12名/組。對照組護生采用傳統普外科帶教，觀察組護生采用臨床護理路徑普外科帶教，比較兩組護生的出科綜合成績、護生對帶教工作、科室對護生的滿意度。
【關鍵字】 臨床護理路徑,普外科,輪轉護生,帶教
中圖分類號：文獻標識碼：文章編號：
[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of clinical nursing pathway in the teaching of general surgery. Methods Twenty-four rotation nursing students who underwent clinical practice in general surgery from April 2018 to March 2019 were selected as the main research subjects, and were grouped by digital random table method, 12 cases/group. The nursing students in the control group were taught by traditional general surgery. The nursing students in the observation group were taught by the clinical nursing path. The comprehensive scores of the nursing students in the two groups, the nursing students' teaching work, and the department's satisfaction with the nursing students were compared. Results After comparing the comprehensive scores of the two groups of nursing students, the theoretical knowledge score, practical operation score and case analysis score of the observation group were significantly higher than the control group. There was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The satisfaction scores of students' teaching work and the satisfaction scores of the department's nursing students were significantly higher than those of the control group. There was significant difference between the two groups. The overall evaluation of the nursing students in the observation group was higher than that of the control group. There are significant differences. Conclusion The application of clinical nursing pathways in the teaching of general nursing students can enhance the theoretical knowledge of nursing students and the mastery of nursing operation skills, improve the enthusiasm of nursing students, and also obtain the recognition of nursing students to students and departments, high satisfaction, worth promoting.
護理學一門具備實踐性價值的科學，臨床護理帶教是護理教學的重要環節，而臨床護理的教學質量與實用型護理人才的培養之間是存在極為密切聯系的。普外科是醫院的一個重要臨床科室，接診病患的病情多且復雜，工作量大，對護理人員的要求高[1-3]。在護理實習過程中，帶教模式是至關重要的，以往主要采用傳統的帶教模式，但傳統的帶教模式授課時間較長，所學知識在學生心中的印象不深刻，總體教學效果不佳。本研究旨在評價臨床護理路徑在普外科輪轉護生帶教中的應用效果，現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料：本次研究的對象是2018年4月至2019年3月在我院普外科臨床實習的24名輪轉護生作為主要研究對象，采用數字隨機表法分組，12名/組。兩組輪轉實習護生的各項資料如下所示：觀察組的12名輪轉實習護生中，女生11名，男生1名；年齡最大20歲，最小17歲，平均年齡為（18.12±1.16）歲；學歷：中專4例，大專及以上8例。對照組的12名輪轉實習護生中，女生11名，男生1名；年齡最大21歲，最小17歲，平均年齡為（18.02±1.14）歲；學歷：中專3例，大專及以上9例。兩組普外科輪轉護生的各項資料比較無明顯差異，說明兩組是存在可比性的。
1.2 研究方法：對照組采用傳統教學模式進行教學，帶教老師講授教學內容，上課模式為面對面授課、集體授課，并在實體課上完成老師留下的作業內容。教學組長根據實習大綱的要求，為護生講解每周查房和講課的內容，以及考核時間等，向實習護生講授護理專業知識和基本操作技能，在輪轉實習結束后進行出科考核。觀察組實施臨床護理路徑教學：帶教第1周：向實習護生介紹普外科的相關規章制度，以及普外科的床位分配、環境設施等。同時，向護生介紹教學時間、教學效果評估方法、教學流程、教學周期等內容。帶教第2周：組織護生學習普外科的常見疾病，以及各類常見病術前、術中、術后護理的相關護理常規及護理方法，由帶教老師組織護生完成簡單的術前準備和術后護理操作。安排護生為患者提供完整的護理服務，且帶教老師要為護生提供資料，并向其介紹普外科急救物品、常規藥品的禁忌癥和適應癥。帶教第3~5周：指導護生進行針對性護理方法的學習，向護生介紹晨起護理與晚間護理的區別及需注意事項，臥床患者的護理方法等，以及綜合護理、心理干預、配血及配皮方法等，重點指導護生學習普外科急重癥的診療。帶教第6~7周：指導護生書寫臨床文件，讓其嚴格遵照文件的書寫要求，定期組織護生進行相關培訓。出科時，對護生進行綜合評估，評估護生對于教學內容的掌握情況，并根據評估結果，及時修整教學計劃，以便于不斷提高普外科實習帶教的教學效果。